The legal history of european integration

Professor Fernando Bermejo, the coordinator of this book, has had the magnificent idea, together with the rest of the professors who participate in this work, of bringing together in this manual the essential contents of the subject Legal History of European Integration, which is taught in various degree courses in our universities. The content is approached both in its political and legal nature in a serious and rigorous manner from a multidisciplinary approach in which professors from six Spanish public universities from three areas of Legal Science, namely, History of Law, Constitutional Law and International Public Law, participate. Furthermore, the text, which follows a chronological evolution and is divided into thirteen themes, is not only theoretical, but also includes a practical dimension that can be of great use to both teachers and students. After dealing with the different European integration projects, the birth of the current European Union, its historical process through the evolution of the different constituent treaties, source of primary law and the different enlargements of the Union until it became the Europe of the 28; the work will also develop current elements such as the exit of the United Kingdom from the Union, future challenges such as the migratory crisis, the European Union facing climate change, the 2030 Agenda and the current health crisis, which has brought as a consequence an economic and social crisis del prólogo de Carlos Uriarte Sánchez.

ÍNDICE

PREFACE

INTRODUCTION

1. EUROPE AND ITS HISTORIC INTEGRATION PROJECTS. HUMANISM, ILLUSTRATION, ROMANTICISM AND NATIONALISM

1. INTRODUCTION

2. EUROPE IN ITS BEGINNINGS AND IN ITS DIVERSITY

3. EUROPEAN LEGAL CULTURES

4. HISTORICAL PROJECTS OF EUROPEAN POLITICAL INTEGRATION

5. HUMANISM

6. THE ENLIGHTENMENT

7. ROMANTICISM

8. NATIONALISM

9. CONCLUSIONS

10. PRACTICE

11. SELF-EVALUATION PROPOSAL

12. LITERATURE

2. THE GREAT WAR AND ITS CONSEQUENCES: PAN-EUROPE AND BRIAND PROJECT (1914 – 1939)

1. INTRODUCTION

2. EUROPE AT THE CROSSROAD: WORLD WAR I

3. INTERWAR YEARS: INTERNATIONAL PANORAMA

4. PAN-EUROPE

5. BRIAN PROJECT

6. CONCLUSIONS

7. PRACTICE

8. SELF-EVALUATION PROPOSAL

9. LITERATURE

3. PRO-EUROPEAN PROJECTS DURING WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)

1. SUMMARY

2. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

3. EUROPEAN PACTS

4. THE DIFFERENT PRO-EUROPEAN PROJECTS DURING THE WAR

5. THE END OF THE WAR AND THE FRAMEWORK OF A COMMON EUROPEAN PROJECT

6. CONCLUSIONS

7. PRACTICAL EXERCISE

8. SELF-ASSESSMENT

9. BIBLIOGRAPHY

4. THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY: THE CREATION OF THE EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY AND THE FAILURE OF THE EUROPEAN DEFENCE COMMUNITY (1945-1954)

1. INTRODUCTION

2. POST-WAR EUROPE

3. THE ORIGINS OF COMMUNITY EUROPE

4. THE FIRST FAILURE IN EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

5. CONCLUSIONS

6. PRACTICE

7. SELF-EVALUATION PROPOSAL

8. LITERATURE

5. FROM THE TREATY OF ROME TO THE EUROPE OF HOMELANDS (1954-1963)

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THE TREATIES OF ROME OF 1957

3. NEW REQUESTS FOR EU MEMBERSHIP

4. SPAIN,S POSITION

5. CONCLUSIONS

6. PRACTICE

7. PROPOSAL FOR AUTOEVALUATION

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY

6. THE COMMUNITY CRISIS (1963 – 1970)

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THE BRITISH PROBLEM AND THE 1973 ENLARGEMENT

3. BETWEEN NATO AND THE WESTERN EUROPEAN UNION

4. THE EXTENSIONS AND THE NEW TREATIES

5. CONCLUSIONS

6. PRACTICE

7. SELF-ASSESSMENT PROPOSAL

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY

7. THE ENLARGEMENT OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES AND THE EUROPEAN DEMOCRATIC SPACE (1970 – 1979)

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THE ATTEMPT TO RELAUNCH THE INTEGRATION PROCESS IN THE 1970S

3. CONCLUSIONS

4. PRACTICE

5. SELF-ASSESSMENT

6. BIBLIOGRAPHY

8. THE EUROPE OF THE SINGLE ACT (1979 – 1986)

1. INTRODUCTION

2. BACKGROUND TO THE SINGLE EUROPEAN ACT

3. THE PREVIOUS PROCESS AND THE MAKING OF THE SINGLE EUROPEAN ACT

4. SCOPE AND CONTENT OF THE SINGLE EUROPEAN ACT

5. CONCLUSIONS

6. PRACTICE

7. SELF-EVALUATION

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY

9. THE END OF THE EUROPEAN DIVISION AND THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION (1986-1992)

1. INTRODUCTION

2. ON THE ACCESSION OF SPAIN AND PORTUGAL TO THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES

3. FROM THE FALL OF THE BERLIN WALL TO THE WASHINGTON CONSENSUS

4. TREATY OF MAASTRICHT (1992)

5. CONCLUSIONS

6. PRACTICE

7. SELF-EVALUATION PROPOSAL

8. LITERATURE

10. THE TRANSITION FROM THE SINGLE MARKET TO THE ECONOMIC AND MONETARY UNION (1992 – 2000)

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ECONOMIC AND MONETARY UNION (EMU) IN THE MAASTRICHT TREATY OR TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION (TEU)

3. THE INSTITUTIONS OF THE EMU: THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK (ECB), AND THE EUROPEAN SYSTEM OF CENTRAL BANKS (ESCB)

4. BEYOND THE EMU. THE SOCIAL COMMITMENT IN THE MAASTRICHT TREATY. COMMUNITY CHARTER OF THE FUNDAMENTAL SOCIAL RIGHTS OF WORKERS (CFCW) AND PROTOCOL (NO. 14) ON SOCIAL POLICY

5. THE TREATY OF AMSTERDAM (TA). INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES. SOCIAL ISSUES. THE STRENGTHENING OF THE EMU: STABILITY AND GROWTH PACT (SGP). ENHANCED COOPERATION

6. CONCLUSIONS

7. PRACTICAL ACTIVITY

8. SELF-ASSESSMENT

9. BIBLIOGRAPHY

11. FROM NICE TO LISBON: THE GREAT ENLARGEMENT AND THE FAILURE OF THE EUROPEAN CONSTITUTION (2001-2009)

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THE TREATY OF NICE AND THE CHARTER OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

3. THE “GREAT ENLARGEMENT”

4. THE TREATY ESTABLISHING A CONSTITUTION FOR EUROPE

5. THE SOLUTION TO THE IMPASSE: A REFORM TREATY. THE TREATY OF LISBON

6. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION. THE CFREU AFTER THE TREATY OF LISBON

7. CONCLUSIONS

8. PRACTICAL ACTIVITY

9. SELF-ASSESSMENT

10. BIBLIOGRAPHY

12. NEW CHALLENGES FOR THE UNION: ECONOMIC CRISIS, BREXIT AND UNCERTAINTY ON THE THRESHOLD OF THE NEW DECADE 1. UNCERTAINTY IN THE FACE OF A NEW DECADE

2. THE TRIAD OF BALANCED BUDGET MECHANISMS: THE ESM, THE REVISED SGP AND THE TSCG

3. THE SUSPENSION OF THE BALANCED BUDGET RULES. A PARADIGM SHIFT?

4. BREXIT

5. CONCLUSIONS

6. PRACTICE

7. SELF-ASSESSMENT

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY

13. THE EUROPEAN UNION FACED WITH THE GREAT CHALLENGES OF THE INTERNATIONAL ORDER OF THE SECOND... DECADE OF THE 21ST CENTURY

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THE UNION IN THE FACE OF THIS MIGRATORY CRISIS

3. THE EUROPEAN UNION IN THE FACE OF CIMATE CHANGE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

4. THE RESPONSE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION TO THE HEALTH CRISIS OF COVID-19: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT

5. PRACTICE

6. SELF-EVALUATION PROPOSAL

7. LITERATURE